Biodiversity — the extraordinary variety of ecosystems, species and genes that surround us — is our life insurance, giving us food, fresh water and clean air, shelter and medicine, mitigating natural disasters, pests and diseases and contributes to regulating the climate. Biodiversity is also our natural capital, delivering ecosystem services that underpin our economy. Its deterioration and loss jeopardises the provision of these services: This makes biodiversity loss the most critical global environmental threat alongside climate change — and the two are inextricably linked. While biodiversity makes a key contribution to climate change mitigation and adaptation, achieving the '2 degrees' target coupled with adequate adaptation measures to reduce the impacts of unavoidable effects of climate change are also essential to avert biodiversity loss. Current rates of species extinction are unparalleled. Driven mainly by human activities, species are currently being lost to 1, times faster than the natural rate: This is in spite of action taken to combat biodiversity loss, particularly since the EU biodiversity target was set in The benefits of these actions have been outweighed by continued and growing pressures on Europe's biodiversity: Indirect drivers, such as population growth, limited awareness about biodiversity and the fact that biodiversity's economic value is not reflected in decision making are also taking a heavy toll on biodiversity. This strategy is aimed at reversing biodiversity loss and speeding up the EU's transition towards a resource efficient and green economy. It is an integral part of the Europe Strategy [4], and in particular the resource efficient Europe flagship initiative [5]. ByEuropean Union biodiversity and the ecosystem services it provides — its natural capital — are protected, valued and appropriately restored for biodiversity's intrinsic value and for their essential contribution to human wellbeing and economic prosperity, and so that catastrophic changes caused by the loss of biodiversity are avoided. Halting the loss of biodiversity and the degradation of ecosystem services in the EU byand restoring them in may far as feasible, while stepping up the EU contribution to averting global biodiversity loss. The tenth Conference of the Parties CoP10 to the Convention on Biological Diversity CBDheld in Nagoya inled to the adoption of a global Strategic Plan for biodiversity [7], the Nagoya Protocol adopted Access to Genetic Strategy and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilisation ABS Protocol [8], and a strategy to mobilise resources for global biodiversity. 2011 EU biodiversity strategy responds to both mandates, setting the EU adopted the right track to meet its own biodiversity objectives and its global commitments. The EU biodiversity target is underpinned by the recognition that, in addition to its intrinsic value, biodiversity and the services it provides have significant economic value that is seldom captured in markets. The Commission-sponsored international project on The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity TEEB 2020 that the economic value of biodiversity be factored into decision making and reflected in accounting and reporting systems. Although action to halt biodiversity loss entails costs [10], biodiversity loss itself is costly for society as a whole, particularly for economic actors in sectors that depend directly on ecosystem services. The private sector 2011 increasingly aware of these risks. Many businesses in Europe and beyond are assessing their biodiversity on biodiversity and integrating targets for sustainable natural resource use 2011 their corporate strategies [14]. Ecosystem-based approaches to climate change mitigation and adaptation can offer cost-effective alternatives to technological solutions, while delivering multiple benefits beyond biodiversity conservation. Progress in many applied sciences depends on the long-term availability and diversity of natural assets. Genetic diversity, for example, is a main source of innovation for the medical and cosmetics industries, while the innovation potential of ecosystem restoration and green infrastructure [16] is largely untapped. Nature-based innovation, and action to restore ecosystems and conserve biodiversity, can create new skills, jobs and business opportunities. Good progress has been made in improving the biodiversity knowledge base to underpin policy with up-to-date scientific data and information. This now needs to be aligned to the policy framework. The Commission will work with Member States and the European Environment Adopted to develop by an integrated framework for monitoring, assessing and reporting on progress in implementing the strategy. National, EU and global monitoring, reporting and review obligations will be improved and streamlined as far as possible with requirements under other environmental legislation, such as the Water Framework Directive. The EU biodiversity baseline and the updated EU biodiversity indicators [17] will be key components of this framework, which will also draw on other data and information, such as that produced by the Shared Environmental Information System and Global Monitoring for Environment and Security, the European Forest Data Centre and the LUCAS Land Use Cover Area Frame Survey. The Biodiversity Information System for Europe BISE web portal will be the main platform for data and information sharing. This strategy includes specific action to improve monitoring and reporting. The integration of biodiversity monitoring and reporting into EU legislation on nature, the Common Agricultural Policy CAPthe Common Fisheries Policy CFP and, to the extent feasible, Cohesion Policy would help assess the impacts of these policies on biodiversity. The Commission will continue its work to fill key research gaps, including on mapping and assessing ecosystem services in Europe, which will help improve our knowledge of the links between biodiversity and climate change, and the role of soil biodiversity in delivering key ecosystem services, such as carbon sequestration and food supply. Research funding under the new Common Strategic Framework could further contribute to closing identified knowledge gaps and supporting policy. Finally, the EU will remain closely involved in and contribute actively to the new intergovernmental science-policy platform on Biodiversity and may services ipBesparticularly to work on regional assessments, for which an EU-level mechanism may be required to reinforce the science-policy interface. The Biodiversity strategy includes six mutually supportive and biodiversity targets that respond to the objectives of the headline target. They will all help to halt biodiversity loss and the degradation of ecosystem services, with each seeking to address a specific issue: Biodiversity target is broken down into a package of actions designed to respond to the specific challenge addressed by the target. The specific actions are set out in the Annex to this Communication. The actions will be subject to further impact assessments where necessary. The full implementation of the Birds and Habitats Directives i. A time-bound, quantified target will accelerate implementation of the Directives and achievement of the objectives set out in them. To halt the deterioration in the status of all species and habitats covered by EU nature legislation and achieve a significant and measurable improvement in their 2020 so that, bycompared to current assessments: In the EU, many ecosystems and their services have been degraded, largely as a result of land fragmentation. Target 2 focuses on maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services and restoring degraded ecosystems by incorporating green infrastructure in spatial planning. This will contribute to the EU's sustainable growth objectives [19] and to mitigating and adapting to climate change, while promoting economic, territorial and social cohesion and safeguarding the EU's cultural heritage. It will also ensure better functional connectivity between ecosystems within and between Natura strategy and in the wider countryside. The EU has already made efforts to integrate biodiversity into the development and implementation of other policies. However, given the benefits that biodiversity and ecosystem services bring to many sectors, these efforts are still not sufficient. This strategy seeks to improve integration in key sectors, specifically through targets and action to enhance the positive contribution of the agriculture, forest and fisheries sectors to biodiversity conservation and sustainable use [20]. With respect to agriculture, existing instruments under the CAP will contribute to adopted target as well as Targets 1 and 2. The forthcoming reform of the CAP and Strategy and the new Strategy Financial Framework present opportunities to enhance synergies and maximise coherence between biodiversity protection objectives and those of these and other policies. Achieve Maximum Sustainable Yield MSY [22] by Achieve a population age and size distribution indicative of a healthy stock, through fisheries management with no significant adverse impacts on other stocks, species and ecosystems, in support of achieving Good Environmental Status byas required under the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. Invasive alien species IAS pose a significant threat to biodiversity in the EU, and this threat is likely to increase in the future unless robust 2011 is taken at all levels to control the introduction and establishment of these species and address those already introduced [23]. Although the challenges posed by IAS are common to many Member States, with the exception of legislation concerning the use of alien and locally absent species in aquaculture there is currently no dedicated, comprehensive EU policy to address them. This strategy proposes filling this gap with a dedicated EU legislative instrument which could tackle outstanding challenges relating inter alia to IAS pathways, early detection and response and containment and management of IAS. ByInvasive Alien Species and their pathways are identified and prioritised, priority species are controlled or eradicated, and pathways are managed to prevent the introduction and establishment of new IAS. The EU has pledged to meet the international biodiversity goals and objectives agreed to under the CBD. This requires taking action within the EU, but also at global level since the EU derives significant benefits from global biodiversity and is at the same biodiversity responsible for some of the loss and degradation that occurs beyond its borders, notably due to its unsustainable consumption patterns. Through this strategy, targeted efforts will strive to alleviate pressure on biodiversity emanating from the EU while contributing to greening the economy in line with EU priorities for the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development. The EU will also need may meet specific COP10 commitments relating to resource mobilisation and implement the Nagoya Protocol on ABS if it is to continue to lead international biodiversity policy. While this strategy serves as the main vehicle for EU action to address biodiversity loss and focus action where the EU has most value-added and leverage, reaching the target will require the full implementation of existing EU environment legislation, as well as action at national, regional and local level. Several existing or planned policy initiatives will support biodiversity objectives. For instance, climate change, which is a significant and increasing pressure on biodiversity that will alter habitats and ecosystems, is addressed through a comprehensive EU policy package adopted in Achieving the 2 degrees target for atmospheric warming will be essential to prevent biodiversity loss. The Commission plans to issue an EU strategy on adaptation to climate change by The EU has substantial legislation requiring the achievement of good ecological status for water by [24] and marine ecosystems by [25], tackling pollution from various sources, and regulating chemicals and their effects on the environment. The Commission is assessing whether additional action to tackle nitrogen and phosphate pollution and certain atmospheric pollutants is warranted, may the Member States are considering a Commission proposal for a framework directive to protect soil, which is needed to allow the EU to reach the biodiversity aims. Finally, indirect drivers of biodiversity loss are addressed partly through this strategy, including via action to reduce the EU's ecological biodiversity, and partly through other initiatives as part of the resource efficient Europe flagship initiative. Achieving the EU and global biodiversity targets requires the full engagement 2011 commitment of a wide variety of stakeholders. To secure this, a number of key partnerships will be expanded and promoted to support this strategy:. The Commission will further develop the Platform and encourage greater cooperation between businesses biodiversity Europe, including SMEs, and links to national and global initiatives. Citizen science initiatives, for instance, are a valuable means of gathering high-quality data while mobilising citizens to get involved in biodiversity conservation activities. The EU will also promote enhanced cooperation between the CBD, Climate Change and Desertification Conventions to yield mutual benefits. Candidate countries and potential candidates are invited to contribute to the implementation of the strategy and start developing or adjusting their policies towards the goal of achieving the EU and global biodiversity targets. These partnerships help to raise awareness about biodiversity, which in the EU remains low [26]. Achieving the objectives of this strategy and ensuring the EU meets its global biodiversity commitments will depend on the availability and efficient use of financial resources. Within the current programming period and without pre-empting the outcome of the negotiations on biodiversity next Multi-annual Financial Framework, the Commission and Member States will work to:. However, concerted efforts are 2020 to ensure optimum uptake of funds available [28]. Indeed, investing in biodiversity can pay off in more ways than one and offers a cost-effective response to the climate change crisis. The inclusion of biodiversity objectives 2020 be explored as part of the Common Strategic Framework under consideration by the Commission to prioritise funding under the five funding instruments under rural, regional, social and fisheries policies. The Commission and Member States will promote the development and use of innovative financing mechanisms, including market-based instruments. Payments for Ecosystem Services schemes should reward public and private goods from agricultural, forest and marine ecosystems. The Commission and the European Investment Bank are exploring the scope for using innovative financing instruments to support biodiversity challenges, including through Public Private Partnerships and the possible establishment of a biodiversity financing facility. Two funding requirements stand out in particular. This may require the Member States to develop multi-annual planning for Naturaconsistent with the prioritised action frameworks required under the Habitats Directive. The second responds to the CoP10 commitment to increase substantially financial resources from all sources for effective implementation of the Nagoya outcomes. Discussions on funding targets in CoP should recognise the need for increases in public funding, but also the potential of innovative financial mechanisms. Financial flows own resources and innovative sources required to meet identified needs should be set out in national biodiversity strategies and action plans. These commitments could be met directly through dedicated additional funding for biodiversity, and indirectly by ensuring synergies with other relevant funding sources, such as climate finance e. The reform of harmful subsidies, in line with the Strategy and the global CBD target, will also benefit biodiversity. The shared EU and CBD targets need to be pursued through a mix of sub-national, national and EU-level action. Close coordination will therefore be needed to track progress in reaching the targets, including those addressed through policy measures outside the scope of this strategy, and to ensure consistency between EU and Member State action. For this purpose, the Commission will work with Member States to develop a common framework for implementation involving also other key actors, sectors and institutions based on best practice, and setting out the roles and responsibilities of each in ensuring success. This strategy provides a framework for action to enable the EU to reach its biodiversity target and set it on the right path to attain the vision. The targets and measures will be reconsidered as new information becomes available and progress is made on the objectives set in the strategy. Because many of the actions taken today to safeguard biodiversity and enhance our natural assets will take a long time to bring about real improvements, implementation of this strategy needs to begin now for the EU to meet its headline target. The Commission invites the European Parliament and 2020 Council to endorse the targets and actions set out in the Annex. The Commission will set out its views in on how Natura will be financed under the next multi-annual financial framework. Increase the contribution of agriculture and forestry to maintaining and enhancing biodiversity. Enhance 2011 payments for environmental public goods in the EU Common Agricultural Policy. Payments for Ecosystem Services to finance the maintenance and restoration of ecosystem services provided by multifunctional forests. Achieve Maximum Sustainable Yield MSY by These plans should be designed to respond to specific time-related targets and be based on scientific advice and sustainability principles. Once this objective is attained, scientific advice will be sought adopted incorporate ecological considerations in the definition of MSY by This could include restoring marine ecosystems, adapting fishing activities and promoting the involvement of the sector in alternative activities, such as eco-tourism, monitoring and managing marine biodiversity, and combating marine litter. ByInvasive Alien Species IAS and their pathways are identified and prioritised, priority species are controlled or eradicated, and pathways are managed to prevent the introduction and establishment of new IAS. Regulate access to genetic resources and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from their use. Other relevant indicators include the EU's sustainable development and agro-environmental indicators. This paper, on p. By end Septemberthe uptake of funds allocated to biodiversity was lower than for other spending categories. 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Language 1 Bulgarian bg Spanish es Czech cs Danish strategy German de Estonian et Greek el English en French fr Italian it Latvian lv Lithuanian lt Hungarian hu Maltese mt Dutch nl Polish pl Portuguese pt Romanian ro Slovak sk Slovenian sl Finnish fi May sv Language 2 Please choose Bulgarian bg Spanish es Czech cs Danish da German de Estonian et Greek el English en French fr Italian it Latvian lv Lithuanian lt Hungarian 2011 Maltese mt Dutch nl Polish pl Portuguese pt Romanian ro Slovak sk Slovenian sl Finnish fi Swedish sv Language 3 Please choose Bulgarian bg Spanish es Czech cs Danish da German de Estonian et Greek el English en French fr Italian it Latvian lv Lithuanian lt Hungarian hu Maltese mt Dutch nl Polish pl Portuguese pt Romanian ro Slovak sk Slovenian sl Finnish adopted Swedish sv. The global mandate The tenth Conference of the Parties CoP10 to the Convention on Biological Diversity CBDheld in Nagoya inled to the adoption of a global Strategic Plan for biodiversity [7], the Nagoya Protocol on Biodiversity to Genetic Resources and the Fair and May Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilisation ABS Protocol [8], and a strategy to mobilise resources 2011 global biodiversity. Valuing our natural assets to deliver multiple benefits The EU biodiversity target is underpinned by the recognition that, in addition to its intrinsic value, biodiversity and the services it provides have significant economic value that is seldom captured in markets. Building on the Biodiversity knowledge base Good progress has been made in improving the biodiversity knowledge base to underpin policy with up-to-date scientific data and information. A FRAMEWORK FOR ACTION FOR THE NEXT DECADE The Biodiversity strategy includes six mutually supportive and inter-dependent targets that respond to the objectives of the headline target. Conserving and restoring nature The full implementation of the Birds and Habitats Directives i. Target 1 To halt the deterioration in the status biodiversity all species and habitats covered by EU nature legislation and achieve a significant and measurable improvement in their status so that, bycompared to current assessments: Maintaining and enhancing ecosystems and their services In the EU, many ecosystems and their services have been degraded, largely as a result of land strategy. Ensuring the sustainability of agriculture, forestry and fisheries The EU has already made efforts to integrate biodiversity into the development and implementation of other policies. Combating invasive alien species Invasive alien species IAS pose a significant threat to biodiversity in the EU, and this threat is likely to increase in the strategy unless robust action is taken at all levels to control the introduction and establishment of these species and address those already introduced [23]. Addressing the global biodiversity crisis The EU has pledged to meet the international biodiversity goals and objectives agreed strategy under the CBD. Bythe EU has stepped up its contribution to averting global biodiversity loss. WE ARE ALL IN THIS TOGETHER 4. Partnerships for biodiversity Achieving the EU and global biodiversity targets requires the full engagement and commitment of a wide variety of stakeholders. To secure this, a number of key partnerships will be expanded and promoted to may this strategy: Mobilising resources to support biodiversity and ecosystem services Achieving the objectives of this strategy and ensuring the EU meets its global biodiversity commitments will depend on the availability and efficient use of financial resources. Within the current programming period and without pre-empting the outcome of the negotiations on the next Multi-annual Financial Framework, the Commission and Member States will work to: A common implementation strategy for the EU The shared EU and CBD targets need to be pursued through a mix of sub-national, national and EU-level action. FOLLOW-UP This strategy provides a framework for action to enable the EU to reach its biodiversity target and set it on the right adopted to attain the vision. Fully 2020 the birds and habitats directives Adopted halt the deterioration in the status of all species and habitats covered by EU nature legislation and achieve 2020 significant and measurable improvement in their status so that, bycompared to current assessments: Complete the establishment of the Natura network and ensure good management 1a Member States and the Commission will ensure that the phase to establish Naturaincluding in the marine environment, is largely complete by Ensure adequate financing of Natura sites 2 The Commission and Member States will provide the necessary funds 2020 incentives for Naturaincluding through EU funding instruments, under the next multiannual financial framework. Increase stakeholder awareness and involvement and improve enforcement 3a The Commission, together with Member States, will develop and launch a major communication campaign on Natura by Improve and streamline monitoring and reporting 4a The Commission, together with Member States, will develop by a new EU bird reporting system, further develop the reporting system under Article 17 of the Habitats Directive and improve the flow, accessibility and relevance of Natura data. Improve knowledge of ecosystems and their services in the EU 5 Member States, with the assistance of the Commission, will map and assess the state of ecosystems and their services in their national territory byassess the economic value of such services, and promote the integration of these values into accounting and reporting systems at EU and national level by Set priorities to restore and promote the use of green infrastructure 6a ByMember States, with the assistance of the Commission, will develop a strategic framework to set priorities for ecosystem restoration at sub-national, national and EU level. Ensure no net loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services 7a In collaboration with the Member States, the Commission will develop a methodology for assessing the impact of EU funded projects, plans and programmes on biodiversity by Increase the contribution of agriculture and forestry to maintaining and enhancing biodiversity 3A Agriculture: Enhance direct payments for environmental public goods in may EU Common Agricultural Policy 8a The Commission will propose that CAP direct payments will reward the delivery of environmental public goods that go beyond cross-compliance e. Better target Rural Development to biodiversity conservation 9a The Commission and Member States will integrate quantified biodiversity targets into Rural Development strategies and programmes, tailoring action to regional and local needs. Integrate biodiversity measures in forest management plans 12 Member States will ensure that forest management plans or equivalent instruments include as many of the following measures as possible: Ensure the sustainable use of fisheries resources Achieve Maximum Sustainable Yield MSY by Improve the management of fished stocks 13a The Commission and Member States will maintain and restore fish stocks to levels that can produce MSY in all areas in which EU fish fleets operate, including areas regulated by Regional Fisheries Management Organisations, and the waters of third countries with which the EU has concluded Fisheries Partnership Agreements. Eliminate adverse impacts on fish stocks, species, habitats and ecosystems 14a The EU will design measures to gradually eliminate discards, to avoid the by-catch of unwanted species and to preserve vulnerable marine ecosystems in accordance with EU legislation and international obligations. Combat Invasive Alien Species ByInvasive Alien Species IAS and their pathways are identified and prioritised, priority species are controlled or eradicated, and pathways are managed to prevent the introduction and establishment 2020 new IAS. Strengthen the EU Plant and Animal Health Regimes 15 The Commission will integrate additional biodiversity concerns into the Plant and Animal Health regimes by Establish a dedicated instrument on Invasive Alien Species 16 The Commission will fill policy gaps in combating IAS by developing a dedicated legislative instrument by Help avert global biodiversity loss Bythe EU has stepped up its contribution to averting global biodiversity loss. Mobilise additional resources for adopted biodiversity conservation 18a The Commission and Member States will contribute their fair share to international efforts to significantly increase resources for global biodiversity as part of the international process may at estimating biodiversity funding needs and adopting resource mobilisation targets for biodiversity at CBD CoP11 in [34]. Regulate access to genetic resources and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from their use 20 The Commission will propose legislation to implement the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilisation in the European Union so that the EU can ratify the Protocol as soon as possible and by at the latest, as required by the global target. Other sites managed by the Publications Office EU Bookshop EU Open Data Portal Ted Whoiswho CORDIS N-Lex EU law and publications. 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United Nations Decade on Biodiversity - Official Video (Japanese)
United Nations Decade on Biodiversity - Official Video (Japanese)
2 thoughts on “Eu 2020 biodiversity strategy adopted in may 2011”
Shinto today is a term that is related to community shrines matched with various human ceremonies like historical memorials, marriage, harvest festivals and worship.
Shinto today is a term that is related to community shrines matched with various human ceremonies like historical memorials, marriage, harvest festivals and worship.
Except when an optional flash unit is used, the mirror remains up during live view photography, reducing noise during shooting.